Missions

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The Humiliate a Rival mission

Missions are packages of individual tasks which are available to a country and serve as a guidance for the country. Each country can have only one active mission at a time. The mission can be changed at any point but this will reset all progress.

Missions are only available if they are enabled in game rules. Depending on game rules, missions or their tasks may or may not provide rewards.

If a mission is aborted it cannot be selected again for 5 years. Missions are automatically aborted if the country no longer meets the requirements to have the mission.

Economy missions[edit | edit source]

Develop a Capital Economy[edit | edit source]

Develop a Capital Economy is available to countries that own at least one urban location. When the mission is selected, a market must be picked for its tasks. Once the mission is completed it cannot be selected against for 25 years. Unlike other missions, Develop a Capital Economy has two mutually-exclusive paths depending on whether the Manufactory Focus or Trade Focus task is completed.

Mission tree frame.pngGrant Privileges to the Burghers Grant Privileges to the Burghers
  • Have 60% Burghers Estate Satisfaction and grant them 2 privileges or have 90% satisfaction with them
  • Reward: Mission market's capital and up to 4 urban locations gain +10% pop promotion speed for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngEstablish a Trade Establish a Trade
  • Have at least one import and one export from the mission market
  • Reward: Choose an urban location for the next mission tasks
Mission tree frame.pngGrow the Burghers Grow the Burghers
  • Gain 200 Burghers in the mission location
  • Reward: +10 Societal Values change towards Traditional Economy
Mission tree frame.pngEmbracing the Capital Economy Embracing the Capital Economy
  • Go through a number of random events for 1 year
  • Reward: +0.5 Monthly Progress to Capital Economy for 1 year
Mission tree frame.pngManufactory Focus Manufactory Focus
  • Mission location has 100% control, is owned and is not starving, under siege or occupied
  • Reward: +5% Production Efficiency and +2 Urban Migration Attraction for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngTrade Focus Trade Focus
  • Have at least 5 Trade Capacity in the mission market
  • Reward: +5% Trade Capacity and efficiency for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngExpand Construction Materials Expand Construction Materials
  • A location with Clay, Lumber, Sand or Stone has an output of 40 or RGO fully expanded
  • Reward: Surge of Prospects and MaterialsCountry modifierSurge of Prospects and MaterialsConstruction Speed +10% Construction Speed
    Pop Promotion Speed % +10% Pop Promotion Speed %
    for 5 years
Mission tree frame.pngImport Construction Materials Import Construction Materials
  • Importing Clay, Lumber, Sand or Stone
  • Reward: Import CenterLocation modifierImport CenterBurghers Trade Capacity +100% Burghers Trade Capacity
    in 2 locations for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngGain Production Goods Gain Production Goods
  • A Paper production method has full goods supply
  • Reward: Secured Raw MaterialsLocation modifierSecured Raw MaterialsRaw Materials Output +20% Raw Materials Output
    in a random location for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngExpanded Trade Capacities Expanded Trade Capacities
  • Gain 10 Trade Capacity in the mission market
  • Reward: Rush of MerchantsCountry modifierRush of MerchantsBurghers Trade Capacity +25% Burghers Trade Capacity
    for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngInfluential Merchants Influential Merchants
  • Gain 8 Trade Advantage in the mission market
  • Reward: Better ExportsCountry modifierBetter ExportsTrade Advantage +5% Trade Advantage
    Trade Efficiency +1% Trade Efficiency
    for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngFlow of Construction Goods Flow of Construction Goods
  • Mission market has at least 5 trade surplus of Clay, Lumber, Sand or Stone
  • Reward: +10% Burghers Estate Satisfaction
Mission tree frame.pngArt of Export Art of Export
  • 4+ exports in the mission market make profit
  • Reward: Scaled Gold
Mission tree frame.pngLuxuries for the People Luxuries for the People
  • 4+ imports in the mission market make profit
  • Reward: Scaled Gold
Mission tree frame.pngConstruct the Manufactories Construct the Manufactories
  • Construct or upgrade a building which produces Paper
  • Reward: +5% Production Efficiency for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngThe Wealth of the Market The Wealth of the Market
  • Mission markets trades more Gold in goods than previously
  • Reward: 5 locations with highest Market Access gain up to +0.5 Development scaling with Market Access
Mission tree frame.pngSatisfy our Demands Satisfy our Demands
  • Pops in the mission location do not have a demand for Paper
  • Reward: +7 Stability
Mission tree frame.pngExport Export
  • Country exports Paper in the mission market and makes profit
  • Reward: +5% Trade Income for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngExpand into new Markets Expand into new Markets
  • Have merchants in two more markets
  • Reward: Center of Urban ExchangeLocation modifierCenter of Urban ExchangeBuildings Cost −10% Buildings Cost
    Burghers Trade Capacity +20% Burghers Trade Capacity
    in capital for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngSecure the Sea Trade Secure the Sea Trade
  • Have at least 50% of Expected Navy Size, build a Light Ship or have no ports
  • Reward: +10 Navy Tradition
Mission tree frame.pngCreation of Profit Creation of Profit
  • Country exports Paper in the mission market and makes a profit greater than 1 Gold
  • Reward: +5% Trade Efficiency and +10% Trade Income for 20 years
Mission tree frame.pngThe Rich Merchant The Rich Merchant
  • Increase monthly income from trade by at least 8
  • Reward: New Capital EconomyCountry modifierNew Capital EconomyBank Interest −2.5% Bank Interest
    Monthly Progress to Capital Economy +0.33 Monthly Progress to Capital Economy
    Trade Efficiency +5% Trade Efficiency
    for 20 years

Infrastructure Efforts[edit | edit source]

Infrastructure Efforts is available to countries that own at least 2 provinces. Once the mission is completed it cannot be selected against for 25 years.

Mission tree frame.pngA Great Capital A Great Capital
  • Build 4 more buildings in the capital
  • Reward: Capital gains Development equal to a quarter of the number buildings
Mission tree frame.pngAssembly Halls Assembly Halls
  • Capital has a Royal Court or Republican Assembly
  • Reward: Symbol of PowerCountry modifierSymbol of PowerLegislative Efficiency +25% Legislative Efficiency
    Monthly Legitimacy +0.05 Monthly Legitimacy
    Monthly Republican Tradition +0.05 Monthly Republican Tradition
    for 5 years
Mission tree frame.pngCapital Prosperity Capital Prosperity
  • Increase Prosperity in capital by 20%
  • Reward: +5% Satisfaction for all pops in the capital province
Mission tree frame.pngControl Around the Capital Control Around the Capital
  • Increase Average Control in capital's province by 10%
  • Reward: -25% Expanding Raw Materials Time and -33% Road Building Time in the capital's province for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngFound a Town Found a Town
  • Capital is a Town or City
  • Reward: -25% Buildings Cost in capital for 5 years
Mission tree frame.pngPush for Centralization Push for Centralization
  • Have 0.2+ Monthly Progress to Centralization for 3 years
  • Reward: +50% Monthly Progress to Centralization for 3 years
Mission tree frame.pngFood Investments Food Investments
  • Increase food in capital's province by 65
  • Reward: +0.1% Population Growth in capital's province for 5 years
Mission tree frame.pngAll Roads Lead to Capital All Roads Lead to Capital
  • Half of the locations adjacent to the capital have the highest available road to it
  • Reward: +10 Societal Values change towards Centralization
Mission tree frame.pngWave of Urbanization Wave of Urbanization
  • Capital has 75% employment and burghers have the same culture and religion
  • Reward: Center of UrbanizationLocation modifierCenter of UrbanizationMigration Attraction +1 Migration Attraction
    Local Monthly Development Growth +25% Local Monthly Development Growth
    in capital for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngControl the Region Control the Region
  • Increase Average Control in capital's region by 3%
  • Reward: Ruler or regent gains up to +15 points in all abilities scaling with Average Control in capital's region

Traditional Economy[edit | edit source]

Traditional Economy is available to countries that own at least one urban location that is not the country capital. Once the mission is completed it cannot be selected against for 25 years.

Mission tree frame.pngPeasant Contentment Peasant Contentment
  • Increase the Satisfaction of the Commoners estate by 10%
  • Reward: Choose a rural location with less population than 90% of its Population Capacity for the next mission tasks
Mission tree frame.pngExpand Irrigation Expand Irrigation
  • Mission location has a new Irrigation building and positive Prosperity
  • Reward: +15% Laborers and Peasants satisfaction in the mission location
Mission tree frame.pngVillage Marketplaces Village Marketplaces
  • Mission location has a new Market Village building and positive Prosperity
  • Reward: +0.02% Population Growth in same province as the mission location with a Market Village for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngRoad to Capital Road to Capital
  • Mission location has a road leading to the capital
  • Reward: Locations in the mission location's province gain up to +0.05 Monthly Development and -10% Proximity Cost depending on their proximity to the capital for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngSupport Fishing Villages Support Fishing Villages
  • Mission location has a new Fishing Village building and positive Prosperity or is not coastal
  • Reward: +20% Prosperity in the mission location
Mission tree frame.pngConstruct Masons Construct Masons
  • Mission location has a new Mason building and positive Prosperity
  • Reward: Cheaper Building MaterialsProvince modifierCheaper Building MaterialsBuildings Cost −5% Buildings Cost
    Masonry Output +10% Masonry Output
    in same province as the mission location for 5 years
Mission tree frame.pngExpand Resource Production Expand Resource Production
  • Mission location RGO is fully expanded and is not building anything
  • Reward: Rural DevelopmentLocation modifierRural DevelopmentMaximum RGO Size +1000 Maximum RGO Size
    Local Monthly Development Growth +10% Local Monthly Development Growth
    Raw Materials Output +20% Raw Materials Output
    for 10 years in mission location
Mission tree frame.pngEmbrace the Traditional Economy Embrace the Traditional Economy
  • Wait a year
  • +0.5 Monthly Progress to Traditionalist for 1 year
Mission tree frame.pngExpand the Workforce Expand the Workforce
  • Increase the workforce in the mission location by 1000
  • Reward: Provincial ExpansionProvince modifierProvincial ExpansionMigration Attraction +2 Migration Attraction
    Local Monthly Prosperity +0.25% Local Monthly Prosperity
    in mission location's province for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngSupport Rural Cloth Support Rural Cloth
  • Mission location has a new Rural Clothmaker building and positive Prosperity
  • Reward: Rural Clothmaker in the mission location can be upgraded by 2 more levels for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngProsperous Production Prosperous Production
  • Mission location has a new building
  • Reward: +20% Production Efficiency in mission location for 20 years

The Development of Trade[edit | edit source]

The Development of Trade is available to countries that embraced the Banking institution and own at least one urban location and at least one port. Once the mission is completed it cannot be selected against for 25 years.

Mission tree frame.pngEstablish Wharfs Establish Wharfs
  • Build and fully staff another Wharf building
  • Reward: Increased Maritime ActivityLocation modifierIncreased Maritime ActivityLocal Monthly Prosperity +0.1% Local Monthly Prosperity
    Local Pop Promotion Speed % +200 Local Pop Promotion Speed %
    The development of piers and wharfs has brought new business to the port of this location.
    in 5 urban locations with a Wharf for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngThe Marketplace The Marketplace
  • Build and fully staff another Market building
  • Reward: Locations with a Market building gain Development and Prosperity that scales with the Market level
Mission tree frame.pngBurghers Relations Burghers Relations
  • Increase the Satisfaction of the Burghers estate by 5%
  • Reward: Gain Gold equal to 3 times the tax base of the Burghers estate
Mission tree frame.pngCoastal Expansion Coastal Expansion
  • Build and fully staff another Dock or Dry Dock building
  • Reward: +1 Development in a location with a Dock or Dry Dock
Mission tree frame.pngEntrepôts Entrepôts
  • Build and fully staff another Entrepôt building
  • Reward: Influx of MerchantsLocation modifierInflux of MerchantsBurghers Trade Capacity +33% Burghers Trade Capacity
    in a random location with an Entrepôt
Mission tree frame.pngPowerful Burghers Powerful Burghers
  • Burghers have 10% Estate Power or 2 new privileges
  • Reward: Empowered BurghersCountry modifierEmpowered BurghersBurghers Power +100% Burghers Power
    Monthly Progress to Plutocracy +0.2 Monthly Progress to Plutocracy
    Noble Estate Satisfaction Equilibrium −5% Noble Estate Satisfaction Equilibrium
    for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngProtect our Coasts Protect our Coasts
  • Build and fully staff another Coastal Fort or Naval Battery building
  • Reward: +5 Maritime Presence in every seazone adjacent to the province of the location with the new building
Mission tree frame.pngA Merchant Fleet A Merchant Fleet
  • Have 5% more of the current Expected Navy Size or build 4 new Light Ships
  • Reward: +5 Navy Tradition
Mission tree frame.pngEstablish a Market Center Establish a Market Center
  • Own the capital's market center
  • Reward: +10 Merchant Power in the capital's market for 5 years
Mission tree frame.pngMaritime Presence Maritime Presence
  • Increase Maritime Presence in seazone with the highest one by 15%
  • Reward: +0.3 Monthly Navy Tradition and -1 Proximity Cost Through Maritime for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngTrade Capacity Trade Capacity
  • Have at least 5 Trade Capacity in the capital's market
  • Reward: Expanded Trade CapacityCountry modifierExpanded Trade CapacityTrade Capacity +10% Trade Capacity
    Trade Range Used Over Land −10% Trade Range Used Over Land
    Trade Range Used Over Sea −10% Trade Range Used Over Sea
    for 10 years

Politics missions[edit | edit source]

Estate Cooperation[edit | edit source]

Estate Cooperation is available to every country. When the mission is selected, an estate must be picked for its tasks. Once the mission is completed it cannot be selected against for 25 years.

Mission tree frame.pngGrant Privileges Grant Privileges
  • Mission estate has at least 50% Satisfaction or 2 new privileges for a year
  • Reward: +0.1 Stability Investment for a year
Mission tree frame.pngCapital Influence Capital Influence
  • Increase employment in the capital by 10%
  • Reward: +15% Satisfaction for the mission estate
Mission tree frame.pngFund Construction Projects Fund Construction Projects
  • Construct a building wanted by the mission estate
  • Reward: +0.1% Monthly Prosperity for 10 years and +0.25 Development in the urban location with the highest one
Mission tree frame.pngShape Society Shape Society
  • Increase monthly progress towards a societal value wanted by the mission estate by 7
  • Reward: +5% Satisfaction for the mission estate
Mission tree frame.pngGain Favors with the mission estate Gain Favors with the Mission Estate
  • Increase the Satisfaction of the mission estate by 15%
  • Reward: +5% Satisfaction for every pop in the mission estate
Mission tree frame.pngShared Enrichment Shared Enrichment
  • Bribed the mission estate in the last 5 years
  • Reward: Shared EnrichmentCountry modifierShared EnrichmentProduction Efficiency +5% Production Efficiency
    for 10 years

A Capable Cabinet[edit | edit source]

A Capable Cabinet is available to countries with the Settled country type. Once the mission is completed it cannot be selected against for 25 years.

Mission tree frame.pngCreate a Cabinet Create a Cabinet
  • Fill all cabinet member slots and give each one a cabinet action
  • Reward: +10% Efficiency of our cabinet for 5 years
Mission tree frame.pngHead of the Cabinet Head of the Cabinet
  • Have a head of the cabinet
  • Reward: +10 Government power
Mission tree frame.pngEnact Government Reforms Enact Government Reforms
  • Use all government reform slots
  • Reward: +10% Crown power for 1 year
Mission tree frame.pngMeritocratic Approach Meritocratic Approach
  • 50% of cabinet members have at least 50 points in any ability
  • Reward: +10 Societal Values change towards Innovative
Mission tree frame.pngRoyal Authority Royal Authority
  • Gain 10 government power
  • Reward: +10% Estate satisfaction
Mission tree frame.pngIncrease Cabinet Efficiency Increase Cabinet Efficiency
  • Increase cabinet efficiency for 180 days
  • Reward: +10% Efficiency of our cabinet for 6 months
Mission tree frame.pngHigh Era High Era
  • Gain 10 stability
  • Reward: +5% Maximum tax and +0.1% monthly prosperity for 5 years

Progress & Literacy[edit | edit source]

Progress & Literacy is available to countries that have the Library and Paper Guild advances and either have less than 70 Average Literacy or societal values are more than 90 towards Innovative. Once the mission is completed it cannot be selected against for 25 years.

Mission tree frame.pngEnsure Book Production Ensure Book Production
  • Have at least 3 buildings which produce Books or at least 5 Books in the country capital's market
  • Reward: +50% Books Output in a random owned location which produces Books
Mission tree frame.pngWave of Innovation Wave of Innovation
  • Increase Monthly Progress to Innovative by at least 0.25
  • Reward: +10 Cultural Influence and +2.5 Research Progress
Mission tree frame.pngThe Chancery The Chancery
  • Capital has a Chancery building and at least 80% Control
  • Reward: +2.5% Production Efficiency for 5 years in the 4 locations with most Control
Mission tree frame.pngFound Libraries Found Libraries
  • Build and fully staff another Library building
  • Reward: +0.025 Monthly Progress to Innovative for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngAdvances in Technology Advances in Technology
  • Researched at least 3 innovations since the mission started
  • Reward: +0.5 Monthly Progress to Innovative for 1 year
Mission tree frame.pngRaise Literacy Raise Literacy
  • Raise Average Literacy by at least 0.25
  • Reward: Wave of InnovationCountry modifierWave of InnovationInstitution Growth +25% Institution Growth
    Monthly Progress to Innovative +0.2 Monthly Progress to Innovative
    Monthly Research Progress % +10% Monthly Research Progress %
    Our innovative policies have led to new ideas entering our country.
    for 10 years

Vassal Ties[edit | edit source]

Vassal Ties is available to countries that have a subject with Vassal subject type and Settled country type. When the mission is selected, a Vassal subject must be picked for its tasks. Once the mission is completed it cannot be selected against for 25 years.

Mission tree frame.pngImprove Relations with Mission Vassal Improve Relations with Mission Vassal
  • Have 175 Opinion from the mission vassal
  • Reward: Vassal gains +5 Trust and -5 Liberty Desire
Mission tree frame.pngJoint Military Development Joint Military Development
  • Give Military Support to the mission vassal
  • Reward: +10 Societal Values change towards Land or Naval depending on which is higher and vassal gains +5 Army Tradition
Mission tree frame.pngMonetary Assistance Monetary Assistance
  • Give a gift to the mission vassal
  • Reward: +2.5 Government Power and vassal gains +10% Burghers Estate Satisfaction
Mission tree frame.pngCommerce Annexation Commerce Annexation
  • Start annexing the mission vassal
  • Reward: For 6 months receive up to 4 beneficial events
Mission tree frame.pngConnect the Capitals Connect the Capitals
  • Half of the locations adjacent to the capital have the highest available road to it
  • Reward: +10% Prosperity in capital for both the country and the vassal
Mission tree frame.pngA Base of Power A Base of Power
  • Mission vassal's capital has 4 new buildings
  • Reward: Vassal loses -5 Liberty Desire and their capital gains Center of UrbanizationLocation modifierCenter of UrbanizationMigration Attraction +1 Migration Attraction
    Local Monthly Development Growth +25% Local Monthly Development Growth
    for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngComplete Annexation Complete Annexation
  • Finish annexing the mission vassal
  • Reward: Locations gained from annexation gain New LandsLocation modifierNew LandsMax Control +10% Max Control
    Unrest −10% Unrest
    for 10 years

Expansion missions[edit | edit source]

Humiliate a Rival[edit | edit source]

Humiliate a Rival is available to every country. Once the mission is completed it cannot be selected against for 20 years.

Mission tree frame.pngDiplomatic Play Diplomatic Play
  • Insulted a rival within the last 10 years
  • Reward: Ruler or regent gains their next trait unless it already has 3
Mission tree frame.pngHumiliate a Rival Humiliate a Rival
  • Used the Humiliation treaty on a rival within the last 10 years
  • Reward: +25% Crown Power and +10 Power Projection for 20 years
Mission tree frame.pngImpose an Embargo Impose an Embargo
  • Use the Embargo Nation diplomatic action on a rival
  • Reward: +30 Merchant Power in the market where the rival has its capital for 5 years
Mission tree frame.pngEstablish a Spy Network Establish a Spy Network
  • Have a spy network with a value of 30 on a rival
  • Reward: +0.2 Monthly Diplomats and +25% Spy Network Construction for 10 years
Mission tree frame.pngSurpass our Foes Surpass our Foes
  • Have more than 50% of the combined strength of a rival
  • Reward: +20 Spy Network in every rival with less combined strength
Mission tree frame.pngSow Discontent in Rival Sow Discontent in Rival
  • Use the Sow Discontent covert action on a rival and have at least 2 Diplomats
  • Reward: Targeted rival gains a negative modifier for 10 years

Regional Expansion[edit | edit source]

Regional Expansion is available to countries that can declare war on a neighbor. When the mission is selected, a vassal must be picked for its tasks. Once the mission is completed it cannot be selected against for 15 years.

Mission tree frame.pngRaise a War Chest Raise a War Chest
  • Go through a number of random events for 1 year
  • Reward: +10% Maximum Tax for a year
Mission tree frame.pngRaise the Army Raise the Army
  • Have a general, the Common Militias privilege or 75% of expected navy or army size
  • Reward: The character with most ability points who is not in cabinet gains +5 points in all abilities
Mission tree frame.pngObtain a Casus Belli Obtain a Casus Belli
  • Have a casus belli that allows conquest of locations against a neighbor
Mission tree frame.pngRaise a Navy Raise a Navy
  • Produce Sailors and have at least 50% of Expected Navy Size
  • Reward: +2.5 Navy Tradition, +0.25 Development in a port location and gain Sailors equal to 10% of their yearly income
Mission tree frame.pngTo War! To War!
  • Be at war for 4 months
  • Reward: Receive two random positive events
Mission tree frame.pngConquer a Province Conquer a Province
  • Be at peace and have a location with the Conquered integration status
  • Reward: Choose a location with the Conquered integration status for the next mission tasks
Mission tree frame.pngRecover Prosperity Recover Prosperity
  • Increase Prosperity in the mission location above 0
  • Reward: +10% Pop Satisfaction in the mission location's province
Mission tree frame.pngFortify the Border Fortify the Border
  • Have a Fort Level of 2 in the mission location
  • Reward: +20% Fort Defense in the mission location
Mission tree frame.pngIntegrate our Conquest Integrate our Conquest
  • Go through a number of random events for 3 years
  • Reward: +10% Speed of Integration for 3 years

Venturing into the Unknown[edit | edit source]

Venturing into the Unknown is available if the country has the Kingdom or Empire country rank, at least 3 ports, and researched the New Worlds advance. Once the mission is completed it cannot be selected against for 25 years.

Mission tree frame.pngOverseas Efforts Overseas Efforts
  • Wait a year
  • Reward: +5 Prestige
Mission tree frame.pngChart the Horizon Chart the Horizon
  • Complete an exploration
  • Reward if explored area was land: +0.5 Monthly Army Tradition for 3 years
  • Reward if explored area was sea: +0.5 Monthly Navy Tradition for 3 years
Mission tree frame.pngHire Explorers Hire Explorers
  • Hire an explorer
  • Reward: An explorer increases an ability to 100
Mission tree frame.pngSettle the Horizon Settle the Horizon
  • Create a Colonial Charter
  • Reward: +10 Research Progress
Mission tree frame.pngNew Maps New Maps
  • Make 50% or more progress in an exploration
  • Reward: Finishing exploration brings a choice between +10 Research Progress or Navy Tradition
Mission tree frame.pngColonial Ambitions Colonial Ambitions
  • Have a Colonial Nation subject
  • Reward: -10 Liberty Desire in a Colonial Nation subject and most populated port location gains Entry PortLocation modifierEntry PortTrade Capacity +3 Trade Capacity
    Proximity Cost through Port −5% Proximity Cost through Port
    for 5 years

References[edit | edit source]

Mechanics
Realm CountryGovernmentParliamentEstateReformsLawsCharactersMissions
Economy & Research EconomyGoodsR.G.O.MarketBuildingPopulationAge
Diplomacy & Warfare DiplomacySubjectsInternational organizationWarfareCombatMilitary
The world LocationCultureReligionLanguageExplorationSituationsDisastersDiseases